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content / browser / security / coop / cross_origin_opener_policy_status.cc [blame]
// Copyright 2020 The Chromium Authors
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
#include "content/browser/security/coop/cross_origin_opener_policy_status.h"
#include <utility>
#include "base/feature_list.h"
#include "base/time/time.h"
#include "content/browser/renderer_host/frame_tree_node.h"
#include "content/browser/renderer_host/navigation_request.h"
#include "content/browser/renderer_host/render_frame_host_delegate.h"
#include "content/browser/security/coop/cross_origin_opener_policy_access_report_manager.h"
#include "services/network/public/cpp/cross_origin_opener_policy.h"
#include "services/network/public/cpp/features.h"
#include "services/network/public/cpp/is_potentially_trustworthy.h"
#include "services/network/public/mojom/network_context.mojom.h"
#include "third_party/blink/public/common/origin_trials/trial_token_validator.h"
namespace {
void SanitizeCoopRestrictPropertiesHeadersIfDisabled(
network::CrossOriginOpenerPolicy& coop,
const GURL& url,
net::HttpResponseHeaders* headers) {
if (base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
network::features::kCoopRestrictProperties)) {
return;
}
bool is_coop_restrict_properties_origin_trial_enabled =
base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
network::features::kCoopRestrictPropertiesOriginTrial);
if (is_coop_restrict_properties_origin_trial_enabled && headers &&
blink::TrialTokenValidator().RequestEnablesFeature(
url, headers, "CoopRestrictProperties", base::Time::Now())) {
return;
}
if (coop.value ==
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties ||
coop.value == network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::
kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep) {
coop.value = network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone;
}
if (coop.report_only_value ==
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties ||
coop.report_only_value == network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::
kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep) {
coop.report_only_value =
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone;
}
if (coop.soap_by_default_value ==
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties ||
coop.soap_by_default_value ==
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::
kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep) {
coop.soap_by_default_value =
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone;
}
}
} // namespace
namespace content {
// This function returns whether the BrowsingInstance should change following
// COOP rules defined in:
// https://gist.github.com/annevk/6f2dd8c79c77123f39797f6bdac43f3e#changes-to-navigation
//
// The SiteInstance selection model heavily relies on this function to be
// correct, and documents these assumptions, many of which would crash the
// browser if incorrect. In particular, it assumes that returning a value of
// CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated means that the current browsing context group
// will NOT be found suitable for reuse, as that would effectively mean no swap
// has happened.
CoopSwapResult ShouldSwapBrowsingInstanceForCrossOriginOpenerPolicy(
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue initiator_coop,
const url::Origin& initiator_origin,
bool is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document,
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue destination_coop,
const url::Origin& destination_origin) {
using network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue;
switch (initiator_coop) {
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone:
switch (destination_coop) {
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone:
return CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep:
return CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginAllowPopups:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOrigin:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginPlusCoep:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kNoopenerAllowPopups:
return CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
}
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep:
switch (destination_coop) {
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone:
return CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep:
return (initiator_coop == destination_coop &&
initiator_origin.IsSameOriginWith(destination_origin))
? CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap
: CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginAllowPopups:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOrigin:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginPlusCoep:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kNoopenerAllowPopups:
return CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
}
// "same-origin-allow-popups" is used to stay in the same BrowsingInstance
// despite COOP mismatch during the first navigation the popup.
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginAllowPopups:
switch (destination_coop) {
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone:
return is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document
? CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap
: CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep:
return is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document
? CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated
: CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginAllowPopups:
return initiator_origin.IsSameOriginWith(destination_origin)
? CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap
: CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOrigin:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginPlusCoep:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kNoopenerAllowPopups:
return CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
}
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kNoopenerAllowPopups:
switch (destination_coop) {
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone:
return CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kNoopenerAllowPopups:
return (is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document ||
!initiator_origin.IsSameOriginWith(destination_origin))
? CoopSwapResult::kSwap
: CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap;
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginAllowPopups:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictProperties:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kRestrictPropertiesPlusCoep:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOrigin:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginPlusCoep:
return CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
}
// "same-origin" requires that both policies and origin match.
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOrigin:
case CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kSameOriginPlusCoep:
return (initiator_coop == destination_coop &&
initiator_origin.IsSameOriginWith(destination_origin))
? CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap
: CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
}
}
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus(
NavigationRequest* navigation_request)
: navigation_request_(navigation_request),
frame_tree_node_(navigation_request->frame_tree_node()),
previous_document_rph_(navigation_request->frame_tree_node()
->current_frame_host()
->GetProcess()),
virtual_browsing_context_group_(frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->virtual_browsing_context_group()),
soap_by_default_virtual_browsing_context_group_(
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->soap_by_default_virtual_browsing_context_group()),
is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_(
frame_tree_node_->is_on_initial_empty_document()),
current_coop_(
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()->cross_origin_opener_policy()),
current_origin_(
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()->GetLastCommittedOrigin()),
current_url_(
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()->GetLastCommittedURL()),
is_navigation_source_(
navigation_request->common_params().initiator_origin.has_value() &&
navigation_request->common_params()
.initiator_origin->IsSameOriginWith(
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->GetLastCommittedOrigin())) {
// Use the URL of the opener for reporting purposes when doing an initial
// navigation in a popup.
// Note: the origin check is there to avoid leaking the URL of an opener that
// navigated in the meantime.
if (is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_ &&
frame_tree_node_->opener() &&
frame_tree_node_->opener()
->current_frame_host()
->GetLastCommittedOrigin() == current_origin_) {
current_url_ =
frame_tree_node_->opener()->current_frame_host()->GetLastCommittedURL();
}
previous_document_rph_observation_.Observe(previous_document_rph_.get());
}
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::~CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus() {
ClearTransientReportingSources();
}
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::RenderProcessExited(
content::RenderProcessHost* host,
const content::ChildProcessTerminationInfo& info) {
ClearTransientReportingSources();
}
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::RenderProcessHostDestroyed(
content::RenderProcessHost* host) {
previous_document_rph_ = nullptr;
previous_document_rph_observation_.Reset();
}
std::optional<network::mojom::BlockedByResponseReason>
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::SanitizeResponse(
network::mojom::URLResponseHead* response) {
const GURL& response_url = navigation_request_->common_params().url;
SanitizeCoopHeaders(response_url, response);
network::CrossOriginOpenerPolicy& coop =
response->parsed_headers->cross_origin_opener_policy;
// Popups with a sandboxing flag, inherited from their opener, are not
// allowed to navigate to a document with a Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy that
// is not "unsafe-none". This ensures a COOP document does not inherit any
// property from an opener.
// https://gist.github.com/annevk/6f2dd8c79c77123f39797f6bdac43f3e
if (coop.value != network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone &&
(frame_tree_node_->pending_frame_policy().sandbox_flags !=
network::mojom::WebSandboxFlags::kNone)) {
// Blob and Filesystem documents' cross-origin-opener-policy values are
// defaulted to the default unsafe-none.
// Data documents can only be loaded on main documents through browser
// initiated navigations. These never inherit sandbox flags.
DCHECK(!response_url.SchemeIsBlob());
DCHECK(!response_url.SchemeIsFileSystem());
DCHECK(!response_url.SchemeIs(url::kDataScheme));
// We should force a COOP browsing instance swap to avoid certain
// opener+error pages exploits, see https://crbug.com/1256823 and
// https://github.com/whatwg/html/issues/7345.
browsing_instance_swap_result_ = CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
virtual_browsing_context_group_ =
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyAccessReportManager::
GetNewVirtualBrowsingContextGroup();
return network::mojom::BlockedByResponseReason::
kCoopSandboxedIFrameCannotNavigateToCoopPage;
}
return std::nullopt;
}
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::EnforceCOOP(
const network::CrossOriginOpenerPolicy& response_coop,
const url::Origin& response_origin,
const net::NetworkAnonymizationKey& network_anonymization_key) {
// COOP only applies to top level browsing contexts. Embedded content
// considered "top-level", that cannot always provide a separate process
// (Fenced frames) should not be able to specify their own COOP header value.
// Therefore we use IsOutermostMainFrame.
if (!frame_tree_node_->IsOutermostMainFrame()) {
return;
}
const GURL& response_url = navigation_request_->common_params().url;
const GURL& response_referrer_url =
navigation_request_->common_params().referrer->url;
CHECK(response_coop.origin.has_value());
const url::Origin& response_coop_origin = *response_coop.origin;
StoragePartition* storage_partition = frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->GetProcess()
->GetStoragePartition();
base::UnguessableToken navigation_request_reporting_source =
base::UnguessableToken::Create();
// Compute isolation info needed for setting Reporting-Endpoints before
// navigation commits.
net::IsolationInfo isolation_info_for_subresources =
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->ComputeIsolationInfoForSubresourcesForPendingCommit(
response_origin, navigation_request_->is_credentialless(),
navigation_request_->ComputeFencedFrameNonce());
DCHECK(!isolation_info_for_subresources.IsEmpty());
if (response_origin.IsSameOriginWith(response_coop_origin)) {
// Set up endpoint if response contains Reporting-Endpoints header.
SetReportingEndpoints(response_origin, storage_partition,
navigation_request_reporting_source,
isolation_info_for_subresources);
}
auto response_reporter = std::make_unique<CrossOriginOpenerPolicyReporter>(
storage_partition, response_url, response_referrer_url, response_coop,
navigation_request_reporting_source, network_anonymization_key);
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyReporter* previous_reporter =
use_current_document_coop_reporter_
? frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->coop_access_report_manager()
->coop_reporter()
: coop_reporter_.get();
// current_coop_.origin could be nullopt for initial empty documents.
const url::Origin current_coop_origin =
current_coop_.origin.value_or(url::Origin());
CoopSwapResult cross_origin_policy_swap =
ShouldSwapBrowsingInstanceForCrossOriginOpenerPolicy(
current_coop_.value, current_coop_origin,
is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_, response_coop.value,
response_coop_origin);
// Over the whole redirect chain, keep track of the "strongest" way the new
// context must be separated from the previous one.
// kNoSwap < kSwapRelated < kSwap.
if (cross_origin_policy_swap > browsing_instance_swap_result_) {
browsing_instance_swap_result_ = cross_origin_policy_swap;
}
// Both report only cases (navigation from and to document) use the following
// result, computing the need of a browsing context group swap based on both
// documents' report-only values.
CoopSwapResult report_only_coop_swap =
ShouldSwapBrowsingInstanceForCrossOriginOpenerPolicy(
current_coop_.report_only_value, current_coop_origin,
is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_,
response_coop.report_only_value, response_coop_origin);
CoopSwapResult navigating_to_report_only_coop_swap =
ShouldSwapBrowsingInstanceForCrossOriginOpenerPolicy(
current_coop_.value, current_coop_origin,
is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_,
response_coop.report_only_value, response_coop_origin);
CoopSwapResult navigating_from_report_only_coop_swap =
ShouldSwapBrowsingInstanceForCrossOriginOpenerPolicy(
current_coop_.report_only_value, current_coop_origin,
is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_, response_coop.value,
response_coop_origin);
bool has_other_window_in_browsing_context_group =
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host()
->delegate()
->GetActiveTopLevelDocumentsInCoopRelatedGroup(
frame_tree_node_->current_frame_host())
.size() > 1;
// If this response's COOP causes a BrowsingInstance swap in another
// CoopRelatedGroup, report this to the previous COOP reporter and/or the COOP
// reporter of the response if they exist. Do not report swaps in the same
// CoopRelatedGroup, as these do not sever the opener.
if (cross_origin_policy_swap == CoopSwapResult::kSwap) {
// Using current_origin_ instead of current_coop_.origin here because
// we only care about whether the actual origin has changed when determining
// whether to show previous URL.
if (has_other_window_in_browsing_context_group) {
if (response_origin.IsSameOriginWith(response_coop_origin)) {
response_reporter->QueueNavigationToCOOPReport(
current_url_, current_origin_.IsSameOriginWith(response_origin),
false /* is_report_only */);
}
if (previous_reporter &&
current_origin_.IsSameOriginWith(current_coop_origin)) {
previous_reporter->QueueNavigationAwayFromCOOPReport(
response_url, is_navigation_source_,
current_origin_.IsSameOriginWith(response_origin),
false /* is_report_only */);
}
}
}
// Compare the report-only values against the real values on the opposite side
// (from/to). If both report-only values match however, skip reports, as the
// website likely wants to deploy COOP on both pages and is not interested in
// these kind of reports.
bool has_matching_report_only =
report_only_coop_swap == CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap;
CoopSwapResult virtual_browsing_instance_swap_result =
CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap;
if (!has_matching_report_only) {
// Find the strongest type of swap that would happen, between the previous
// and next report-only values.
if (navigating_from_report_only_coop_swap == CoopSwapResult::kSwap ||
navigating_to_report_only_coop_swap == CoopSwapResult::kSwap) {
virtual_browsing_instance_swap_result = CoopSwapResult::kSwap;
} else if (navigating_from_report_only_coop_swap ==
CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated ||
navigating_to_report_only_coop_swap ==
CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated) {
virtual_browsing_instance_swap_result = CoopSwapResult::kSwapRelated;
}
}
// If this response's report-only COOP would cause a BrowsingInstance swap
// in another CoopRelatedGroup, report this to the previous COOP reporter
// and/or the COOP reporter of the response if they exist. Do not report swaps
// in the same CoopRelatedGroup, as these do not sever the opener.
if (virtual_browsing_instance_swap_result == CoopSwapResult::kSwap) {
// If this response's report-only COOP would cause a BrowsingInstance swap,
// report this to the previous COOP reporter and/or the COOP reporter of
// the response if they exist.
if (has_other_window_in_browsing_context_group) {
if (response_origin.IsSameOriginWith(response_coop_origin)) {
response_reporter->QueueNavigationToCOOPReport(
current_url_, current_origin_.IsSameOriginWith(response_origin),
true /* is_report_only */);
}
if (previous_reporter &&
current_origin_.IsSameOriginWith(current_coop_origin)) {
previous_reporter->QueueNavigationAwayFromCOOPReport(
response_url, is_navigation_source_,
current_origin_.IsSameOriginWith(response_origin),
true /* is_report_only */);
}
}
}
if (browsing_instance_swap_result_ != CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap ||
virtual_browsing_instance_swap_result != CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap) {
virtual_browsing_context_group_ =
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyAccessReportManager::
GetVirtualBrowsingContextGroup(
browsing_instance_swap_result_,
virtual_browsing_instance_swap_result,
virtual_browsing_context_group_);
}
// Check if a COOP of same-origin-allow-popups by default would result in a
// browsing context group switch.
if (ShouldSwapBrowsingInstanceForCrossOriginOpenerPolicy(
current_coop_.soap_by_default_value, current_coop_origin,
is_navigation_from_initial_empty_document_,
response_coop.soap_by_default_value,
response_coop_origin) != CoopSwapResult::kNoSwap) {
soap_by_default_virtual_browsing_context_group_ =
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyAccessReportManager::
GetNewVirtualBrowsingContextGroup();
}
// Finally, update the current COOP, origin and reporter to those of the
// response, now that it has been taken into account.
current_coop_ = response_coop;
current_origin_ = response_origin;
current_url_ = response_url;
coop_reporter_ = std::move(response_reporter);
// Once a response has been received, reports will be sent to the reporter of
// the last response received.
use_current_document_coop_reporter_ = false;
// Any subsequent response means this response was a redirect, and the source
// of the navigation to the subsequent response.
is_navigation_source_ = true;
}
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::SetReportingEndpoints(
const url::Origin& response_origin,
StoragePartition* storage_partition,
const base::UnguessableToken& reporting_source,
const net::IsolationInfo& isolation_info) {
// Only process Reporting-Endpoints header for secure origin.
if (!GURL::SchemeIsCryptographic(response_origin.scheme()))
return;
if (!navigation_request_->response())
return;
if (!navigation_request_->response()->parsed_headers->reporting_endpoints)
return;
// Process Reporting-Endpoints header immediately before the document is
// loaded so COOP reports can be sent to response origin's configured
// endpoint. The configured endpoints should only be used to send COOP reports
// for this navigation and will be removed when the navigation finishes.
base::flat_map<std::string, std::string>& reporting_endpoints =
*(navigation_request_->response()->parsed_headers->reporting_endpoints);
if (reporting_endpoints.empty())
return;
storage_partition->GetNetworkContext()->SetDocumentReportingEndpoints(
reporting_source, response_origin, isolation_info, reporting_endpoints);
// Record the new reporting source.
transient_reporting_sources_.push_back(reporting_source);
}
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::ClearTransientReportingSources() {
if (!previous_document_rph_ || transient_reporting_sources_.empty())
return;
StoragePartition* storage_partition =
previous_document_rph_->GetStoragePartition();
for (const base::UnguessableToken& reporting_source :
transient_reporting_sources_) {
storage_partition->GetNetworkContext()->SendReportsAndRemoveSource(
reporting_source);
}
}
std::unique_ptr<CrossOriginOpenerPolicyReporter>
CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::TakeCoopReporter() {
return std::move(coop_reporter_);
}
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::UpdateReporterStoragePartition(
StoragePartition* storage_partition) {
if (coop_reporter_)
coop_reporter_->set_storage_partition(storage_partition);
}
// We blank out the COOP headers in a number of situations.
// - When the headers were not sent over HTTPS.
// - For subframes.
// - When the feature is disabled.
// We also strip the "reporting" parts when the reporting feature is disabled
// for the |response_url|.
void CrossOriginOpenerPolicyStatus::SanitizeCoopHeaders(
const GURL& response_url,
network::mojom::URLResponseHead* response_head) const {
network::CrossOriginOpenerPolicy& coop =
response_head->parsed_headers->cross_origin_opener_policy;
network::AugmentCoopWithCoep(
&coop, response_head->parsed_headers->cross_origin_embedder_policy);
if (coop == network::CrossOriginOpenerPolicy())
return;
if (base::FeatureList::IsEnabled(
network::features::kCrossOriginOpenerPolicy) &&
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage#the-cross-origin-opener-policy-header
// ```
// 1. If reservedEnvironment is a non-secure context, then return
// "unsafe-none".
// ```
//
// https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/webappapis.html#secure-contexts
// ```
// 2. If the result of Is url potentially trustworthy? given environment's
// top-level creation URL is "Potentially Trustworthy", then return true.
// ```
network::IsUrlPotentiallyTrustworthy(response_url) &&
// The COOP header must be ignored outside of the top-level context. It is
// removed as a defensive measure. Embedded content considered
// "top-level", that cannot always provide a separate process (Fenced
// frames, portals, etc.) should not be able to specify their own COOP
// header value. Therefore we use IsOutermostMainFrame.
frame_tree_node_->IsOutermostMainFrame()) {
SanitizeCoopRestrictPropertiesHeadersIfDisabled(
coop, response_url, response_head->headers.get());
return;
}
bool has_coop_header =
coop.value != network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone ||
coop.report_only_value !=
network::mojom::CrossOriginOpenerPolicyValue::kUnsafeNone ||
coop.reporting_endpoint || coop.report_only_reporting_endpoint;
coop = network::CrossOriginOpenerPolicy();
if (!network::IsUrlPotentiallyTrustworthy(response_url) && has_coop_header) {
navigation_request_->AddDeferredConsoleMessage(
blink::mojom::ConsoleMessageLevel::kError,
"The Cross-Origin-Opener-Policy header has been ignored, because "
"the URL's origin was untrustworthy. It was defined either in the "
"final response or a redirect. Please deliver the response using "
"the HTTPS protocol. You can also use the 'localhost' origin "
"instead. See "
"https://www.w3.org/TR/powerful-features/"
"#potentially-trustworthy-origin and "
"https://html.spec.whatwg.org/"
"#the-cross-origin-opener-policy-header.");
}
}
} // namespace content